Understanding Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) and How to Treat It
Conjunctivitis, commonly called pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva—the thin membrane covering the white of the eye and inside the eyelids. Irritation causes tiny blood vessels to enlarge, making the eye appear red.
The condition can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergies, or irritants like chemicals and UV light. Viral conjunctivitis is often linked to the common cold and spreads easily from person to person. Bacterial conjunctivitis also spreads easily and usually requires antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious and is triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust, or pet dander.
Treatment depends on the cause:
- Viral: Cool compresses and artificial tears can ease symptoms. Medical advice is recommended.
- Allergic: Artificial tears, antihistamine eye drops (e.g., olopatadine, ketotifen), or oral antihistamines can relieve symptoms. Severe cases may need steroid eye drops.
- Bacterial: Antibiotic drops or ointments are typically prescribed. Some non-prescription options are available but should be used with guidance.
Proper assessment ensures effective treatment and faster recovery, while preventing the spread of infection when applicable.
