What to Know and How to Treat Them
Cold sores—also called fever blisters—are caused by the herpes simplex virus and typically appear on or around the lips. While highly contagious, they are generally harmless. In fact, most people are exposed to the virus by age 50, and those who experience outbreaks may have several episodes each year.
Before a cold sore appears, many people notice early warning signs such as tingling, burning, or itching around the lips. Within hours, small fluid-filled blisters form, eventually breaking open, oozing, and crusting over. Initial outbreaks can take up to two weeks to heal, while recurring episodes often clear within a week.
Although cold sores usually resolve on their own, treatment can help reduce discomfort and shorten healing time. Over-the-counter creams and balms can ease pain and prevent cracking. Antiviral treatments such as docosanol may help limit severity if used at the first sign of symptoms. Prescription options, including topical or oral antivirals like acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir, can further reduce healing time when started early.
A pharmacist can assess your symptoms, recommend appropriate treatment, and, in many provinces, prescribe medication for common conditions like cold sores. Coverage varies by region, and consultation fees may apply.
